Learn to identify six of the seven problems the child is mostly to share. These disorders affect children and adolescents, some appear only to pre-adolescence.
Autism
The childhood autism is a disorder of severe development reaching the functions of communication and language, social development and imagination. To limit development, early diagnosis is essential. A supported by intensive education programs before the age of 4 years can make improvements. In most cases, diagnosis occurs to the age of 3-4 years, sometimes later. But most parents spot the early symptoms during the first two years of the life of their child.
Children with language delay, a echolalia (repeating words), or a withdrawal should be conducted to diagnostic centers to benefit from a comprehensive assessment (cognitive, neurological, metabolic , imaging ,..).
Hyperactivity
Hyperactivity in children is manisfestations through three main symptoms: constant agitation, an attention deficit and impulsiveness leading to discontinue the activities of others. These events echo on the functioning of the child, usually made at the age of 7 years after the first apparition learning difficulties due to the turmoil and lack of concentration of the child, could intervene earlier , from 3-4 years. Some warning signs such as agitation or intolerance to frustration, in fact, appear well before the entry to primary school. Experts add that early diagnosis is all the more necessary that there are treatments and hyperactivity is associated in 50-70% of cases, other mental disorders (conduct disorder, anxiety disorders, depression, learning disorders, tics …).
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder
Disorders Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD) appear around the age of 10 and resemble adult forms of the disease. The obsession concerning cleanliness, fear of disasters, sexual and religious themes. And compulsions are manifestation by abnormal repetition of the same gestures and exaggerated (ritual washing and checking), especially at certain times of the day (bed, bath, meals, etc.).. Experts explain the late diagnosis of these disorders, first by the difficulty in distinguishing compulsive behaviors obsessions developmental rituals, common in children, then by the highly non-specific call signs such as slow or learning difficulties. The panel recommends a diagnostic approach that should allow the search for other mental disorders, associated with OCD in 60 to 70% of cases.
Anxiety Disorders
There are various childhood anxiety disorders, which are often combined with each other during development. Disorder “separation anxiety” (see also: emotional deprivation) is the most common. It starts around 6-7 years and results in intense distress of the child when it is separated from the persons to whom it belongs. The overanxious, she begins around 8-9 years. It is manifested by excessive worry about school performance, with symptoms of restlessness, fatigue, sleep disturbances and memory. As for the panic attacks, they can lead, if they are repeated, the “panic disorder” to 15-19. Typically, between 6 and 12, expressed the simple phobias (fear of an object or situation), then, between 12 and 15 years, social phobia (fear of contact with others, including to other children), which generate a feeling of intense suffering. The state of post-traumatic stress, anxiety disorder, has long been ignored in children, including health professionals. Yet its consequences (sleep problems, tantrums, changes in school performance, self-aggressiveness, hypervigilance) on the child’s life are important: in 50% of cases, the condition persists beyond 12 months after event and may even become permanent.
The experts note that it is too often the occurrence of complications such as school refusal, disorders of social adaptation or behavior, suicide attempts, and depressive disorders, which leads, late diagnosis of anxiety disorders of the child.
The Mood Disorders
Retentissment the psychosocial and the sometimes chronic mood disorders (dysthymia, major depressive disorder, manic-depressive disorder) in children and adolescents requires their early diagnosis and appropriate treatment. According to the expert, they appear most often in teenagers, particularly girls, preceded by anxiety disorders and behavioral problems (hyperactivity). Manifestations of mood disorders and suicide attempts (in 40% of depressed children and adolescents according to American studies) are important warning signs to make a diagnosis.
Eating Disorders
The eating disorders disproportionately affect adolescents who tend to focus on body image. Indeed, the future anorexic and bulimic live harder than other pubertal period. Diagnosis and treatment occur later, especially for the anorexic, because families do not see right away the seriousness of the situation. Sudden weight change, weight loss of at least 10%, amenorrhea (no periods), the excessive preoccupations about body image, nutrition, and poor self-esteem must, experts say be considered as warning signs of an anorexic or bulimic behavior. These signs should lead to quick reference.
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